16.8 Products Based on Solid-State Fermenter

253

16.6

Environmental and Economic Assessment

of BioHydrogen Production in AnMBRs

The hydrogen manufacturing mostly made from fossil fuels which contribute

huge quantity of greenhouse gases. Biohydrogen manufacturing from AD could be

crucial to diminish CO2 discharge from fossil fuels. In the present situation, AnMBR

is a probable budding technology extensively used in AD to translate wastewater

into methane. However, methane and its combustion still widely contribute to

greenhouse gas emissions and could not be worthy as a sustainable and renewable

product from wastewater and other waste streams via AnMBR. Other potential

pathways for the system is biohydrogen manufacturing which cause no biological

damage during energy delivery (generate only H2O as an incineration produce) and

has very little ecological impact as compared to other AnMBR products, e.g. VFA

and methane [14]. Further improvement in clogging control of AnMBR technology,

superior flux, and supervision of greenhouse gases discharge would make AnMBR

an aggressive AD procedure. The expansion of this method is still in its primary

stage, and widespread theoretical and experimental work is necessary to estimate

the technical, economical, and environmental implications of AnMBR technology.

16.7

Future Perspectives of Biohydrogen Production

Issues like biohydrogen production rate, yield, and membrane fouling in AnMBRs

need to be addressed appropriately prior to realistic and practical implementation of

the process. The considerable improvement in fouling, volumetric production rate,

and yield may be required by utilizing effectual design of reactor and its configura-

tion, suitable microbial strain, metabolic, and genetic engineering of starins. Some

integrated advancements may also be possible such as two-stage procedure or the use

of modified combined configuration of AnMBR and microbial fuel cell or anaerobic

electrochemical membrane bioreactor.

16.8

Products Based on Solid-State Fermenter

16.8.1

Bioactive Products

Many practical advantages have been recognized to the manufacturing of biolog-

ically active secondary metabolites by solid-state fermentation (SSF). Mycotoxins,

bacterial endotoxins, plant growth factors, antibiotics, immuno-suppressive drugs,

alkaloids, etc., are among the main group of bioactive compounds, which have

been formed through SSF. These are commonly produced on a broad range of